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激光雕刻机原理及使用领域

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激光雕刻加工原理及技术介绍：

激光雕刻加工与激光打标、激光切割比较类似，它同样是利用高功率密度的聚焦激光光束作用在材料表面或内部，使材料气化或发生物理变化。

激光雕刻机

激光雕刻原理：

激光雕刻机的工作原理一，激光雕刻机通过激光器产生激光光束后由反射镜传递并通过聚集镜照射到加工物品上，然后激光使加工物品受到强大的热能而温度急剧增加，使该点因高温而迅速的融化或者汽化，在电脑软件的控制和配合激光头的运行轨迹，来实现激光加工。

激光雕刻机的工作原理二,激光雕刻机通过数据传输线与电脑相连，在电脑里面安装配套的打标控制专用软件，通过打标软件来实现文字，图片的输入，在通过软件控制激光在物品上运行打标。

通过控制激光的功率、光斑大小、光斑运动轨迹和运动速度等相关参数，加工材料形成要求的立体图形图案。

加工材料在激光照射下瞬间的熔化和气化的物理变性，达到加工的目的。激光加工特点：与材料表面没有接触，不受机械运动影响，表面不会变形，一般无需固定。不受材料的弹性、柔韧影响，方便对软质材料。加工精度高，速度快，应用领域广泛。

激光雕刻机应用领域和可加工材料

1、亚克力板（有机玻璃）

亚克力在广告行业里使用尤为广泛。有各种各样的形状和大小，相对来讲使用激光雕刻机的成本较低。一般情况下有机玻璃采用背雕方式，也就是说从前面雕刻，后面观看，这使得成品更具立体感。在背雕时请先将图形加以镜像，且雕刻速度要快，功率要低。有机玻璃是比较容易切割的，切割时应使用吹气装置，以提高切口质量。

2、密度板

密度板就是我们常用于做标牌衬板的那种木托板。材料为高密度板，表面贴有薄薄的木纹。激光雕刻机可以在这尖材料厂上进行雕刻，但雕刻出的图案颜色不均匀且发黑，一般要着色。通常情况下你可以通过学习适当的设计，使用0.5mm的双色板进行镶嵌以获得更好的效果。雕刻结束后，使用湿布清洁密度板表面即可。

2、木材

木头是很容易用激光雕刻机进行雕刻和切割。浅色的木材象桦木、樱桃木或者枫木能很好地被激光气化，因而比较合适雕刻。每种木材都有处身的特点，有的致密一些，如硬木，在雕刻或切割时就要用更大的激光功率。

激光雕刻机切割木材的深度一般不深，在5mm以内，这是因为激光的功率较小，如放慢速度切割会造成木材的燃烧。

广告装饰：有机玻璃制品雕刻(切割)、奖牌、牌匾激光制作、双色板材激光雕刻(切割)、其它非金属板材的雕刻（切割）

印刷包装：橡胶版激光雕刻、印刷辊激光雕刻、纸制品激光切割

皮革服装：皮革及表面图案雕刻、服装布料图案切割

工艺礼品：竹简激光雕刻、木版书激光雕刻、红木激光雕刻、双色板激光雕刻、盒形工艺品雕刻、陶瓷激光雕刻

激光雕刻特点：

1、雕刻范围广。即可对金属材料进行雕刻，也可对非金属材料进行雕刻，甚至能够雕刻耐火度高以及硬而脆的材料（如陶瓷、石英、玻璃、耐热合金等），还能深入到材料内部进行雕刻。

2、速度快。激光雕刻比一般的雕刻方法要快100倍以上，而且可保证重复雕刻的精度。

3、质量高。产品分辨率高，可实现精细雕刻，并且清洁无污染，被雕刻材料氧化、变形、热膨胀的影响区域都比较小。

4、耗能少。雕刻过程简单，能力转换环节少，并且是惊喜雕刻，原材料损耗少，提高工作效率。

5、自动化程度高。激光雕刻与自动控制技术结合在一起，很容易实现自动化控制过程。

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